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Saturday 12 December 2009

The Nordic Countries: The Main Components of Richest Area in The World

This essay tells about all general informations of the Nordic countries. For the beginning, if we try to understand this group of the northern of Europe, we will be faced to the components of the welfare systems these countries have and all aspects union policies they hold time by time. Of course, we know that most of them are richest countries, moreover there are no big tragedies or instability in all their internal politics which so meaningfull. They have less chaos but so much money and the large field of natural resources, renewable or not. How they could achieve this situations and conditions? How they built the systems? Absolutely, we can not seperate it with the model of welfare they have, called Nordic model or Scandinavian model. They also have a council of these five countries called Nordic council. But, before we learn about those stuff, better we understand all general overview of these countries firstly.

Nordic countries are the group of country in the northern of Europe, they are Finland, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, Norwey, and their associated territories or other Scandinavian countries, they are Faroe Island, Greenland, and Aland. The region of these five nation-states and three autonomous regions shares common histories and other main aspects of life, which are economy, social, politic, and so on. This sharing style is called Nordic model and politically, Nordic countries do not form a separate entity, but they co-operate in the system, called Nordic council. In language aspect, the area is heterogeneous. It has three unrelated language groups, they are the North Germanic branch of Indo-European languages and the Baltic-Finnic and Sami branches of Uralic languages as well as the Eskimo-Aleut language Kalaallisut spoken in Greenland. In geology, the term for the land area which lies above sea level on the Baltic shield. And for its population, they have a combined population of approximately 25 million spread over a land area of 3.5 million km² (Greenland accounts for 60% of the total area). The Nordic countries are characterised by similar structures of their societies and cultural traits. This results not only from similar environmental realities and thus traditional livelihoods but also from a shared history.

Secondly, beside of the general overviews of the Nordic countries overall. The next step, we have to understand about the information learning in one nation-state, which is learned one by one. For the first study, we are going to learn about Denmark. Denmark is the senior member of the Nordic countries with Greenland and Faroe Island of the Kingdom of Denmark. Denmark is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. The head of state is a Queen, now Queen Margrethe II and the head of government is prime minister, now Lars Lokke Rasmussen, helped by cabine ministers who head departments. In its unicameral parliamentary, these ministers are responsible to Folketinge it is the Danish Parliament or the legislative body, which is traditionally considered to be supreme, that is able to legislate on any matter and not bound by decisions of its predecessors. Four persons of the choosen parliamentary members are used for Greenland and the Faroe Island. The general election was hold every 4 years. And the political parties consist of Conservative Political Party, Social Democratic Party,Liberal Party and Social Liberal Party. Second, we are going to talk about Sweden. Sweden is also a constitutional monarchy, has something in common with Denmark. The head of state is King, now King Carl XIV. He is only a symbol of the kingdom. In other hand, it is also followed with a parliamentary system of government and a highly developed economy. For now, its prime minister is Fredrik Reinfeldt. Its parliamentary called Riksdag, which consist of 349 member directly choosen to work for 1 period during 4 years. The prime ministers as the lead for the cabinet who make responsible to Riskdag. Based on the general election in 2006, the election system is proportional representation. It has several parties, they are Social Democratic Party (SAP, 130 seats); Moderate Party (M, 97 seats); Centre Party (C, 29 seats); People's Party Liberals (L, 28 seats); Christian Democrats (CD, 24 seats); Left Party (22 seats); and Greens (19 seats).

Third, Iceland. It is a constitutional republic in its governmental system. Most of tts constitutions were influenced by Denmark. The head of state is president, now Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, and the head of government is prime minister, for now it is led by Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir. The general election was held every 4 years to choose president and its prime minister. President and prime minister (cabinet) were choosen in different election section. The Iceland’s parliamentary is called an Althingi, which consists of 36 delegations. Their duty is monitoring the executive and administrative agency. And for the political parties, they have Independent party and Social Demoratic party. Fourth, we study about Finland. It is a semi-presidential state with the president as its head of state and also parliamentary system with the prime minister as the head of its government. For now, the president is Tarja Halonen and the prime minister is Matti Vanhanen. In its parliamentary system, known by Unicameral Eduskunta, which consist of 200 members. The legislative is done by the Council of State and this country also has concensus as its characteristic. Its political parties devides in three shapes, Left, Right, and Middle.

Next, is about Norwey. It is a constitutional monarchy country. The head of state is a king, called monarch, and now the monarch is Harald V. The head of government is prime minister. Now, it is hold by Jens Stoltenberg. The legislative is called Storting which has 169 members. Its parliamentary which is legalized by the monarch, had changed since 1884, so the cabinet could not be fought by the parliamentary. And the power of parliamentary has the status, known a costume of constitutional. In other aspect, the political parties are the coalition of a costume of constitutional.

After the whole explanation about these overviews, now, talking about the Nordic model or Scandinavian model. Its system tells about the balencing between market and the government. It focuse on Welfare System where the government gave the subsidies to its people with the huge quantities.

The main points we can take of it are the goverments of Nordic Countries is like the dinasty. Most of them are constitutional monarchy. The power of parliamentary is dominan enough and also their governmental system have something in common because of the influences from Denmark’s colonialization, so brings the stability in their governmantel system.

References.

Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2008. © 1993-2007 Microsoft Corporation (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27850713_ITM Author: Gale, May 24, 2000 (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.ifla.org/IV/ifla71/papers/166e-Knutsen.pdf (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://wapedia.mobi/en/Nordic_countries (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.netpublikationer.dk/um/6724/pdf/1_The_Political_System.pdf (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.answers.com/topic/nordic (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.ambmoskva.um.dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/danish+political+and+social+affairs/ (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.123independenceday.com/norway/political-system.html (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.emb-norway.ca/facts/political/priorities/priorities.htm (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/2853 (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)


http://www.economist.com/countries/Sweden/profile.cfm?folder=Profile-Political%20Structure (diakses : 10 Oktober 2009)

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